Handicrafts representative

Folding Chinese knot

Since some time ago, modern people have found the popular ornaments of the old ancestors from the bottom of the box again, and then followed the gourd and painted the gourd, with more ideas and more embellishments. As a result, thick and thin ribbons made of colored silk threads, small rings with totem patterns, and graceful tassels constitute a beautiful and strange Chinese knot. It is amazing that a red rope can change so many patterns. Don't underestimate this little Chinese knot. The sentiment and wisdom it shows is just a side of the ancient Chinese civilization and an interest of people in pursuing freedom and praying for peace.

"Knot" is a rope woven ornament, which is called the three major handicrafts of the motherland together with China's cloth art and embroidery. It is simple and elegant. Speaking of Chinese knot, it can be said that its history runs through human history. The long cultural precipitation makes Chinese knot permeate the unique and pure cultural essence of the Chinese nation. "Rope" is homonymous with "God". In the formative stage of Chinese culture, rope was worshipped. According to written records, "Nuwa leads a rope in the mud and holds it as a human being." Because the rope is like a winding snake and dragon, the Chinese are the descendants of the dragon. The image of the Dragon God was reflected in the changes of the knot in prehistoric times. The word "knot" is also a word that expresses strength, harmony and emotion. It gives people a sense of reunion, intimacy and warmth. "Knot" is homonymous with "auspiciousness". Auspiciousness "is the eternal pursuit theme of mankind. Naturally, as the essence of Chinese traditional culture, knot, a folk art with vitality, has flourished for a long time and spread to this day.

Fold embroidery

Also known as silk embroidery, it is one of China's excellent traditional handicrafts. According to the "Shang Shu" records, the system of chapter clothing 4000 years ago stipulated that "clothes are painted and embroidered"; In addition, in the bookofsongs, there is also a description of "plain clothes and Zhu embroidery". During the Song Dynasty, the fashion of advocating embroidered clothing has gradually become popular among the people, which has also promoted the development of Chinese silk embroidery technology. Embroidery in the Ming Dynasty has become a highly expressive art. Suzhou embroidery, Guangdong embroidery, Hunan embroidery and Shu embroidery, known as the "Four Famous Embroideries", have been produced successively. Suzhou's Suzhou embroidery and Kesi are the most famous.

Hand embroidery is a famous traditional Chinese handicraft, which occupies an important position in the history of Chinese arts and crafts. Manual embroidery is inseparable from sericulture and silk reeling. China was the first country in the world to discover and use silk. People began sericulture and silk reeling fourorfive years ago. With the use of silk, the emergence and development of silk fabrics, and the gradual rise of manual embroidery technology, according to the Chinese history book Shangshu, the "chapter clothing system" more than 4000 years ago stipulated the decoration of "clothing, painting and embroidery". It can be seen that in China, four or five thousand years ago, manual embroidery was widely popular.

Folding oil paper umbrella

Oil paper umbrella is one of the traditional handicrafts of the Han nationality. As a paper or cloth umbrella originated in China, it has also been spread to various parts of Asia, such as Japan, Korea, Vietnam, Ryukyu, Thailand, Laos, etc., and oil paper umbrellas with local characteristics have been developed in various parts of Asia. With the migration of Hakka people from the mainland to Taiwan, Chinese oil paper umbrellas have taken root and developed in Taiwan. Oil paper umbrellas are not only daily necessities to keep out the sun and rain, but also an indispensable item for marriage customs and etiquette. In traditional Chinese weddings, when the bride gets off the sedan chair, the matchmaker will cover the bride with a red oil paper umbrella to ward off evil spirits. At a traditional Japanese wedding, the bride is also covered by a red oilpaper umbrella. Oil paper umbrellas were also used at ancient weddings in Ryukyu. The old people like purple umbrellas, which symbolize longevity. They should use white umbrellas when they are buried. Traditional Japanese dances also use oil paper umbrellas as as props. Some tea ceremony performances use "fan umbrellas".

In religious celebrations, it is often seen that the oil paper umbrella is used as a shelter on the divine sedan chair, which is taken as a symbol of people's sheltering from the sun and rain, driving away evil and evil. At present, most of the umbrellas used in daily life are umbrellas, and oil paper umbrellas are sold as works of art and tourist souvenirs.

Folding kite

Chinese kites have a history of more than 2000 years. The traditional Chinese kites are full of auspicious meanings and patterns. In the long years, our ancestors not only created beautiful words and paintings embodying the wisdom of the Chinese nation, but also created many patterns that reflect people's yearning and pursuit for a better life and symbolize good luck. Through the pattern image, it gives people the meaning of celebration, auspiciousness and blessing; It integrates people's appreciation habits, reflects people's good and healthy thoughts and feelings, and permeates China's national traditions and folk customs, so it is widely popular among the people

Folding Wuhu iron painting

Iron painting, also known as iron flower, a specialty of Wuhu, Anhui Province, is one of the unique handicrafts in China. Iron painting is a kind of decorative painting made of low carbon steel by forging and welding iron sheets and wires. It integrates the techniques of folk paper cutting, carving, inlaying and other arts, and adopts the composition of Chinese painting, black-and-white contrast, the combination of virtual and real, and has another taste.

Iron painting originated in the Song Dynasty and prevailed in the Northern Song Dynasty. During the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, the iron painting of Wuhu, Anhui Province, became one of its own and gradually became famous all over the world.

Iron painting is forged with iron as ink, anvil as inkstone and hammer as pen. The varieties of iron paintings are divided into three categories: the first category is a small scale landscape, mostly with pine, plum, orchid, bamboo, chrysanthemum, eagle and other themes. This kind of iron painting is lined with boards and frames, and hung on the pink wall, which is more dignified and eye-catching. The second type is the lantern, which is generally composed of 4 to 6 iron paintings, with paper or plain silk pasted inside and silver candles burned in the middle, which is dazzling and moving. The third category is screen, which is mostly landscape, simple and elegant, magnificent.

Wuhu is close to the Yangtze River and has convenient transportation. It was once one of the four major rice markets in China. The iron smelting industry has been very developed since ancient times. The developed iron smelting industry and superb forging technology provided the congenital foundation and conditions for the creation of Wuhu iron painting.

Wuhu iron painting uses hammer as pen, iron as ink, anvil as paper, and wrought iron as painting. It is uncanny and has a natural charm. Wuhu iron painting is famous for its long history, unique style, exquisite craftsmanship and superb skills. Iron painting began in the Kangxi period in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties. It was forged by Tang Tianchi, a Wuhu iron worker, and Xiao Qimu, a Wuhu painter. It has a history of more than 340 years. Wuhu iron painting, originated from traditional Chinese painting, has the basic artistic characteristics of Xin'an School of painting, such as thin, vigorous and concise, cold and strange style. It is a pure manual forging art. It is made of iron by red furnace smelting, forging, drilling, pressure lifting welding, filing, chiseling and other techniques. It not only has the charm of traditional Chinese painting, but also has the three-dimensional beauty of sculpture. It also shows the flexibility and ductility of steel. It is a unique art style.

More than 200 varieties of five series, including furnishings and cultural gifts, are unique in the art world with their distinctive artistic style and charm.

The state attaches great importance to the protection of intangible cultural heritage. On may20,2006, Wuhu iron painting forging technology was approved by the State Council to be included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list. On june5,2007, the Ministry of culture of the people's Republic of China determined that yangguanghui from Wuhu City, Anhui Province was the representative inheritor of the cultural heritage project, and was included in the list of 226 representative inheritors of the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage projects.

Folding fabric

Cloth art is the art on cloth. It is a magnificent and wonderful flower in Chinese folk crafts.

In ancient China, cloth art mainly included embroidery, cross stitch, decal, etc.

There are many stitches for embroidery, such as laying stitches, flat stitches, loose stitches, beating stitches, buckle, Panjin, braid embroidery, lock embroidery, etc. Embroidery has different styles and schools according to different regions and customs. The history of weaving and embroidery in the south is longer than that in the north, the technology is higher than that in the north, and the style is exquisite and elegant; The needle used in the north is thick and the color is bright.

Cross stitch, also known as cross stitch, requires that cross stitches of equal distance and length be selected and embroidered in strict accordance with the longitude and latitude lines of the fabric, and arranged into various patterns. It has a unique deformation and auspicious geometric decorative style. Embroidery does not damage the cloth silk, and can strengthen the wear-resistant strength of the cloth. This kind of needling method is applicable to clothing, handkerchiefs, headscarves, aprons, door curtains, curtains and other practical articles. It is the earliest widely spread needling method in embroidery.

Cloth decal is an embroidery technique that uses small pieces of fabrics of different colors to splice into various patterns, also known as "patchwork". In ancient times, we had the custom of wearing "hundreds of clothes" for children, that is, collecting various colors of cloth from neighbors to make children's clothes, and taking hundreds of families to protect and protect peace.

Sewing and embroidery are called "needlework" in Chinese folk. Hardworking and intelligent Chinese women pour their beautiful feelings into needle sewing, with delicate and delicate style, light, clean and elegant; Or rough and bold, bright colors, creating countless touching fabric works.

In ancient China, folk cloth art was mainly used for decoration of clothing, shoes and hats, bed curtains, bags, backpacks and other small pieces (such as headscarf, Sachet, fan belt, purse, handkerchief, etc.), toys, etc. These daily necessities are not only beautiful, but also enhance the strength and wear resistance of the cloth.

"The picture must be intentional, and the meaning must be auspicious". Chinese folk cloth art often uses some symbolic figures. Flowers, insects, birds, plants, etc. express the author's good wishes for good luck and good luck; The articles for the elderly use the theme of "happiness, wealth and longevity" to wish the elderly a long and healthy life; Children's articles often use tiger, "five poisons" (scorpion, snake, centipede, gecko, toad) and other patterns to avoid evil and suppress evil, hoping that children will be as strong as little tigers; Newlyweds like to play with mandarin ducks in the water. Lotus (Lian) gives birth to expensive children, and carp makes Lotus (symbolizing marriage harmony) patterns. They look forward to a happy family and more children; The girl gave her lover love sachets, handkerchiefs, etc. to implicitly express the secret hidden in the girl's heart in the form of butterflies dancing or lotus flowers. The needle, needle and thread are imbued with love.

Chinese cloth art has been handed down from generation to generation, showing the author's understanding and desire for life, pouring people's endless wisdom, and has distinctive artistic characteristics.

Folding ivory carving

It has always been recognized as a high-end luxury. Relevant data show that as early as ancient times, our ancestors made various simple ornaments from the corners of their teeth to decorate themselves and beautify life. Chinese archaeologists have unearthed Ivory carved small cups, ivory bird shaped daggers, and silkworm Ivory carved circular vessels at Hemudu cultural site in Yuyao, Zhejiang Province, which are the earliest ivory carvings we can see at present. Since then, with the continuous improvement of the ancestors' understanding of real life and the unremitting pursuit of quality of life, the shape and use of ivory carvings have also changed fundamentally from simple to complex. The carved ivory horn works are not only exquisite and delicate, but also have a wide range of themes. Their workmanship has also reached a very high level. In the Tang Dynasty, ivory carving became more and more exquisite and perfect, showing its own unique artistic style and new carving techniques. Among them, the carving device was originally created in the Tang Dynasty. Up to now, Japan's zhengcangyuan has also collected the "red tooth carving ruler", "green tooth carving ruler" and "red tooth carving Pipa Paddle" of the Tang Dynasty. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were many excellent ivory carvings, especially in the Qianlong period, when a large number of artisans and carving masters emerged. At the same time, local schools of ivory carvings in Suzhou, Beijing, Guangdong, Shanghai and other places were formed. Suzhou ivory carvings are elegant and mellow. Most of them are small stationery. The subjects come from a wide range of sources. They are known as "Suzhou style, Guangdong craftsman". Beijing ivory carvings are exquisite and vivid. They are also made by jade craftsmen in the "Ruyi hall" in the palace. There are also professional workshops among the people. Guangdong ivory carvings are fine, neat and exquisite. Their materials are from southern Yunnan and western Guangdong. They are also professionally processed. They mostly make combs, hairpins, rings, fans and Cultural Games. While absorbing foreign culture, they are constantly innovating in their skills. Their works not only have national cultural connotation, but also have western cultural style. They are famous all over the country for "gathering industry essence and spreading in boudoirs".

bamboo carving

Bamboo carving, also known as bamboo carving, is to carve a variety of decorative patterns and characters on bamboo utensils, or use bamboo roots to carve various furnishings. The carving methods mainly include Yin line, Yang carving, round carving, openwork, deep and shallow relief or high relief. In the early period of bamboo carving, the decoration of palaces, figures, landscapes, flowers and birds was usually carved on the utensils. Nowadays, some bamboo carvings are simple, simple and generous, while others are exquisite, intricate and varied. The art of bamboo carving in China has a long history. Our academic and archaeological circles have always believed that long before the invention of paper, ink, pen and inkstone, our ancestors had learned to use knives to engrave words on columns to keep track of events. This most primitive bamboo carving should precede oracle bone inscriptions. Bamboo carving became an art. It was not until the Tang Dynasty that it became known and loved by people. Bamboo carving flourished in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and its exquisite carving skills surpassed those of previous generations, making it unique in the history of Chinese arts and crafts.

Bamboo carving art has high ornamental value and collection value. The bamboo carving art market is active, the collection and investment are hot, and the price is also on the rise. In particular, the works carved by famous artists are more sought after.

Charcoal carving

Carbon carving is a high-grade handicraft made of high-performance activated carbon through multiple processes such as die forming, sand blasting, sculpture and manual coloring. On the basis of retaining the activity of activated carbon to the greatest extent, carbon carving is endowed with artistic value. It can not only effectively protect you and your family from indoor air pollution, but also decorate your home.

Carbon carving crafts can absorb harmful gases: benzene (C6H6), formaldehyde (CH2O), toluene (C6H5CH3), methane (CH4), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), chlorine (Cl2), ammonia (NH3), radon (RN) and other chemical gases, as well as smoke, odor and other dirty gases, so as to maintain the air purification purpose of human health without secondary pollution.

Folding wood carving

The art of Chinese wood carving crafts can be traced back to the primitive society, when there were many crafts that were taking shape. By the Warring States period, wood carving technology had developed from simple carving and engraving of carved boards used in pottery making in the Shang Dynasty to three-dimensional round carving technology. The Han Dynasty animal wood carving was made of whole wood, which pushed the Chinese wood carving art to a peak. In the Tang and Song Dynasties, wood carving became more and more perfect. The Ming and Qing wood carvings are the mature era of Chinese classical wood carvings, with rich works, including animals and figures.

Classification of wood carving crafts

Wood carving crafts are one of the favorite and collected works of art, and occupy an important position in the history of Chinese art. It has many kinds and different classification methods. In all kinds of wood carvings, it fully shows the three-dimensional beauty and craftsmanship created by environmental protection materials and processes. According to experts, wood carving can be divided into craft wood carving and artistic wood carving.

Craft wood carving can be divided into ornamental and practical. Ornamental refers to the works of art displayed and arranged on tables, tables, cases and shelves for people to enjoy. It is carved by using the technology of three-dimensional round carving, such as birds and animals, flowers, birds, fish and insects, marine creatures, the Chinese zodiac, etc; Practicality refers to works of art decorated with wood carving technology and combining practicality with art, such as palace lanterns, mirror frames, pen holders, pen containers, jewelry boxes, savings cans and furniture carvings.

Artistic wood carvings usually refer to works with ingenious conception, profound connotation, which can reflect the author's aesthetic views and artistic skills, and fully reflect the interest of wood carvings and the beauty of environmental friendly materials. Artistic wood carving is the product of the dexterity of sculptors, and it is also a work of art to decorate, beautify the environment and cultivate sentiment. It has high ornamental value and collection value. For example, our common root carving.

Local characteristic wood carvings

Dongyang wood carving

Dongyang wood carving is famous in history and ranks first among the four major wood carvings in China. Dongyang woodcarving is highly artistic. It is mainly based on relief techniques. The design adopts scattered perspective, bird's-eye perspective and other composition, with a full layout,

Scattered but not loose, many but not disorderly, with distinct layers, prominent themes and strong plot, it is deeply loved by collectors.

● boxwood carving

Boxwood carving is named after boxwood carving. Boxwood carving has a great international influence. As early as the beginning of this century, zhuzichang and others created excellent works such as "hide and seek", which won international awards at the Nanyang industry promotion fair and the Pacific International Panama Expo, making boxwood carving a sensation at home and abroad. In addition, boxwood